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The FAIR JournalThe FAIR Journal is published monthly. It contains information about new apologetic information at the FAIR Web site. If you would like to sign up to receive the FAIR Journal automatically, click here. To return to the index of past FAIR Journal issues, click here.
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THE FAIR JOURNAL October 2007
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The Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research
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Apologetics: The branch of theology that is concerned with
defending or proving the truth of Christian doctrines. (The
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth
Edition, 2000.)
INSIDE THE JOURNAL
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* MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT. This month FAIR president Scott Gordon
looks at how two entirely different interpretations of LDS history
can be based on the same basic facts and why it is so important to
start with a proper foundation. He also points out the growing
need for help in translating FAIR resources into other languages.
* FAIR TRANSLATION ACTIVITES. FAIR has begun translating its
material into other languages, but much more help is needed.
* NEW ON THE WEBSITE. "Uncovering a Wolf in Sheep's Clothing? A
Brief Review of Statements of the LDS First Presidency: A Topical
Compendium." A. Dean Byrd and Daniel C. Peterson review the
recently published "Statements of the LDS First Presidency: A
Topical Compendium."
* RESOURCES ON THE WEB. The Church's Public Affairs organization has
put up a series of video clips on YouTube.
* RESOURCES ON THE WEB. Laurie Maffly-Kipp, a non-LDS scholar,
recently published an article about the LDS faith and its
relationship to other Christian groups and American society.
* RESOURCES ON THE WEB. Dave's Mormon Inquiry blogs on "How To Be a
Good Anti-Mormon."
* RESOURCES ON THE WEB. Tanya Spackman posts a brief summary of the
2007 FAIR Conference talks.
* ASK THE APOLOGIST. Got a question you are dying to ask? Here's
how.
* FAIR TOPICAL GUIDE. The Topical Guide on the FAIR Web site is one
of the most popular resources offered. Learn what is available and
help us expand our references.
* FAIR WIKI. The FAIR Wiki is an excellent resource for someone
looking for a summary of an issue and for pointers to more
detailed information.
* FAIR LDS BOOKSTORE. Expand your libary with this month's specials
in the FAIR Bookstore.
* ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS. Interested in writing for FAIR? Learn how you
can have your apologetics work published.
* PUBLISHING NOTES. Learn how you can become more involved in FAIR
and how you can reuse the material we publish.
* FAIR JOURNAL ARCHIVES. All of the FAIR Journal issues since
October 2001 are on the FAIR web site.
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MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
As I prepared for a fireside presentation last month, I came across
several pictures drawn so that they appear as one picture to some
people and an entirely different picture to others. One of the more
common of these has both an old woman and a young woman contained in
the same picture.
http://dragon.uml.edu/psych/woman.html
If you show it to a group of people, some members of the group see
only the old woman but others will see a young woman. When shown one
of these kinds of pictures, it is sometimes very difficult to find the
second picture, but if someone points out a distinguishing
characteristic, suddenly the second picture seems obvious and you
wonder how you could have missed it.
This led me to think about our relationship with the Church. As I read
some of the exit stories of people who have left the Church, I am
often left scratching my head and wondering if I attend the same
church they did. I am left wondering why the picture I am looking at
is so different than theirs.
There was a recent article in Arizona where a brother was
excommunicated from the church for apostasy. He told the newspapers
about losing his belief when he discovered that Joseph Smith had more
than one wife. Again, I am puzzled. His misunderstanding is that it is
ok to know that Brigham Young, John Taylor, and Wilford Woodruff had
more than one wife and to believe they were prophets, but it means
Joseph Smith wasn't a prophet if he did.
Recently on a former-Mormons' website, a poll was taken asking the
question "Why did you leave?"
67 percent said, "I found out about Mormon history."
10 percent said, "I never thought it was true."
10 percent said, "Mormon culture made me uncomfortable."
8 percent said they "disagreed with leaders' ethics."
I don't know how scientific the poll was or if it represented 10
people or 100 people. But it did puzzle me that many claimed they left
the church when they "found out about Mormon history." This is odd,
since there are many good, solid, believing historians within the LDS
church who probably know a lot more about Mormon history than those
responding to this poll. The LDS historians know about Mormon
history--warts and all--and don't leave.
I don't mean to say that we should only be reading whitewashed
histories that leave out the mistakes and faults of men. But it makes
me ask what history these people are reading.
Does the history they read include the lives, histories, and
testimonies of the witnesses who said over and over again that they
had seen the plates and they had seen an angel?
Does it include the story of Martin Harris complaining how heavy the
plates were as he held them on his lap for an hour and a half?
Does it include Martin Harris saying, "Well as sure as you see my hand
so sure did I see the angel and the plates"?
Does it include Oliver Cowdery speaking of the Book of Mormon
translation from his deathbed and saying, "I know that whereof I
testified is true. It was no dream, no vain imagination of the
mind--it was real"?
Does it include the story of Katharine, Joseph Smith's sister hiding
the plates in her bed under her legs?
Does it include the quote from John Whitmer as he says, "I handled
those plates; there were fine engravings on both sides"?
Does the history include the many reports from others who also saw
angels?
Does the history include the 121 independent eyewitness accounts of
the mantel of Joseph Smith being passed on to Brigham Young on August
8, 1844, such as the one from nine-year-old William Van Orden who
suddenly said, "The Prophet [is] not dead, for I [see] him on the
stand"?
I suspect that the histories they are reading aren't complete. I
suspect this incompleteness because I have read many of those
histories. In reading them I find there are things often left out,
there are things included that aren't relevant, and there are things
included of suspect authenticity. To be fair, all histories leave
things out and get some things wrong. There simply isn't enough room
for all of history in any one book, and research is always expanding
and subject to human error. But it is interesting to observe what is
strategically left in or taken out. Some histories use facts and
quotes to paint a picture that shows Joseph Smith as a flawed man and
therefore not a prophet; however, they leave out facts and quotes that
show that he was a prophet. Yet, when you see all of the facts and
quotes and their textual and historical contexts, you see both
pictures and come to understand that Joseph Smith was flawed man who
was also a prophet of God.
It is sometimes argued that Church history books and lesson manuals
leave out pertinent facts. They tend to leave out the flaws of early
Church leaders. But, these facts aren't pertinent to the question of
whether these men were called of God because the Church teaches that
all men have flaws including prophets. And yet, God uses those flawed
men to bring about His work.
If one is going to make a life changing decision such as leaving a
church, it should be based on more than one disturbing fact, or on
reading one disturbing book, or worse, a few articles from an Internet
web site. More research is always necessary to understand the
historical and textual context of the history you have read.
The following are four books that can help to clarify the historical
context of Church History.
1) "Investigating the Book of Mormon Witnesses" by Richard Lloyd
Anderson
2) "By the Hand of Mormon" by Terryl Givens
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0195168887.html
3) "Opening the Heavens" edited by John Welch and Erick Carlson
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0842526072.html
4) "Echoes and Evidences of the Book of Mormon" edited by Donald
Parry, Daniel Peterson and John Welch
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0934893721.html
If you are struggling and seeing only the negative picture of the
Church and Church history, these books might help you see the other
picture and understand that both pictures can peacefully coexist,
providing a richness to our history. Good and bad often coexist as
humans make both good and bad decisions. Additionally, sometimes what
we call bad is simply our misunderstanding of God and how He works.
The true miracle is that God uses us as flawed human beings to carry
out His flawless work.
--Scott Gordon
President
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FAIR Translation Activities
FAIR continues to work on our international Website and we need help.
If you are interested in staring a FAIR translating group in your
language, please contact Scott Gordon through the FAIR web site
contact page.
http://fairlds.org/contact.php
FAIR has just started a FAIR list in Spanish. There are currently 28
members so far that range from Stake Presidents to Bishops to
missionaries, to average members. They are located in Venezuela, Peru,
Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Argentina. There is an increase in
anti Mormon proselytizing in South America right now, and FAIR is
needed now more than ever. This group will help to strengthen each
other in apologetics and translate FAIR into Spanish. They will
receive their own "Ask the Apologist" questions to answer for those in
need.
Anyone who is interested in joining, or know someone who would be
interested in joining, please let FAIR know so we can get them added
to the list. There is a wealth of information in FAIR but little has
been translated. As one poster on the Internet message boards posted:
"I usually participate in an Spanish speaking message board.
Unfortunately for the Spanish speaking or any other people who don't
speak English ... we don't have the apologetic information that
becomes a great tool to set the record straight in many doctrinal
issues in our own language and it has become an inconvenience when a
lot of anti-Mormon propaganda has come in our way.... Hopefully all
this kind of information would be in our own language. It is amazing
how the anti-Mormon propaganda has already been translated in multiple
languages but, especially in Spanish."
The anti-Mormons are one step ahead of us when it comes to
translating. So again, if you know of anyone whom this would help, or
who could help out, please let us know. FAIR needs to be translated to
help those out who don't have answers for critical questions.
Our German group is active and making progress. You can see some of
their work here: http://de.fairmormon.org/Hauptseite If you have a
German language Website, please link to them. You can also sign up for
the German language newsletter here:
http://deutsch.fairlds.org/newsletter.php
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FAIR is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization, so if you are in the United
States, your donation is tax deductible. Without your donations, FAIR
would cease to exist. Thank you for your support.
http://store.fairlds.org/bi071.html
You can also contact FAIR via the U.S. Postal Service using the
following address. (NOTE: This is a new mailing address for FAIR.)
FAIR
P.O. Box 491677
Redding, CA 96049-1677
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Uncovering a Wolf in Sheep's Clothing?
A Brief Review of "Statements of the LDS First Presidency: A Topical
Compendium"
by A. Dean Byrd and Daniel C. Peterson
Reference books, particularly those providing access to source
documents, are always of interest to historians and apologists. In the
recent Signature Books publication "Statements of the LDS First
Presidency: A Topical Compendium," Gary Bergera purports to have
collected and published a representative selection of statements by
the First Presidency about a number of topics. In response to a number
of positive, even glowing, reviews of the book, Byrd and Peterson
decided to look into Bergera's work for themselves.
Bryd and Peterson immediately acknowledge that a review of a
compendium is problematic, but their approach is to see if the
selection of material seems to be skewed to support a bias or agenda
rather then to provide a balanced and truly representative summary of
the source material from which the compendium is drawn. The reviewers
also consider whether the author or publisher is known to have a bias
that should make a reader cautious about accepting the source
selections as an agendaless collection.
In this case, Byrd and Peterson conclude the two topics they examined
did indeed reflect a biased selection from the source material that
supported a long-advocated agenda by the publisher. Given their
findings, the reviewers reason that the author misleads readers by
giving a false impression of what the First Presidency has or has not
said about certain topics.
Read the article:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s243
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RESOURCES ON THE WEB: CHURCH PUBLIC AFFAIRS ON YOUTUBE
YouTube has become a primary source of information for many people.
The Church's Public Affairs organization recently put seven video
clips on YouTube in which Elder Ballard responds to common
misconceptions about the Church.
See the videos:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s246
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RESOURCES ON THE WEB: A SCHOLAR'S VIEW ON MORMONISM
Laurie Maffly-Kipp, a religion professor at the University of North
Carolina, recently published an article about Mormonism in "The
Christian Century." The article, "A Mormon president? The LDS
difference," addresses a number of issues and concerns raised by
Evangelicals about Mormonism in light of Mitt Romney's campaign for
the presidency. The non-LDS view of the LDS faith and its relation to
other Christian groups is interesting and instructive.
Read the article:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s247
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RESOURCES ON THE WEB: HOW TO BE A GOOD ANTI-MORMON
On Dave's Mormon Inquiry he addresses how anti-Mormons should change.
He points out their need for a more Christian attitude, a better
approach, and some self-criticism. His comments point out the serious
problems with the traditional anti-Mormon approach to "ministering to
Mormons."
Read the article:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s244
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RESOURCES ON THE WEB: TANYA SPACKMAN'S FAIR CONFERENCE REVIEW
Tanya Spackman attended the 2007 FAIR Conference and posted a brief
summary of the presentations. If you were unable to attend (or would
like a reminder of what you heard), this will give you an idea of what
is available at the annual FAIR conferences. We will let you know when
these presentations become available through the FAIR Bookstore.
Read the article:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s245
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ASK THE APOLOGIST
FAIR invites the public to submit questions relating to LDS beliefs,
practices, and history. Some questions are asked sincerely by members
and investigators, others are clearly hostile questions challenging
the veracity of the Church and its teachings. Many of these responses
may end up on the Web site as a FAIR paper or brochure. If you have a
question, you may submit it through the FAIR web site.
http://www.fairlds.org/contact.php
Questions sent to FAIR will be shared with members of FAIR, so it is
not uncommon to receive several responses that approach the issue from
different angles.
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FAIR TOPICAL GUIDE
The Topical Guide is one of the most important LDS apologetic
resources available. If you aren't familiar with this part of FAIR's
Web site, check it out at
http://www.fairlds.org/apol
The following are the Topical Guide updates for the month.
* Benjamin R. Jordan
"Volcanic Destruction in the Book of Mormon: Possible Evidence
from Ice Cores"
The destruction in 3 Nephi suggests that Book of Mormon lands
experience volcanic activity around the time of the Savior's
death. Jordan examines evidence that indicates that the likely
Mesoamerican lands in which the Nephites lived did, in fact,
experience volcanic activity in about 3-40 AD.
Book of Mormon > New World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai113.html
* Richard H. Cracroft
"Had for Good and Evil": 19th-Century Literary Treatments of the
Book of Mormon"
Not long after the Book of Mormon was published, negative reviews
began appearing. According to 19th-century critics, the Book of
Mormon was clumsy and unsophisticated. Cracroft examines the
earliest reviews and some of the common complaints they had about
the Book of Mormon.
Critics
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai114.html
Book of Mormon > Environmental Influences
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai275.html
* Jeffrey R. Chadwick
"Has the Seal of Mulek Been Found"
In the Book of Mormon we learn that Mulek was a surviving son of
the Bible's King Zedekiah. A recently discovered Judean stamp seal
appears to confirm the existance of the Book of Mormon, Mulek.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
* Lynn Hilton
"In Search of Lehi's Trail- 30 Years Later"
Lynn Hilton looks at the scholarship from the last few decades
regarding the likely path of Lehi's sojourn through the
wilderness.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
Book of Mormon > Old World Context > Nahom
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai269.html
* Warren P. Aston
Across Arabia with Lehi and Sariah: "Truth Shall Spring out of the
Earth"
Aston examines the many parallels between what the Book of Mormon
records during the Lehi trek through the wilderness, and what we
currently know of the ancient Arabian landscape.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
Book of Mormon > Old World Context > Nahom
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai269.html
* Richard Wellington and George Potter
"Lehi's Trail: From the Valley of Lemuel to Nephi's Harbor"
Having traveled through Arabia in search of features that could
match Lehi's route through Arabia, Potter and Wellington offer
their views and intepretations of their findings.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
Book of Mormon > Old World Context > Nahom
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai269.html
* S. Kent Brown
"Refining the Spotlight on Lehi and Sariah"
Dr. S. Kent Brown examines the possible route and likely stops
made by the Lehites and they made their way through Arabia.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
Book of Mormon > Old World Context > Nahom
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai269.html
* David A. Lefevre
"We Did Again Take Our Journey"
LeFevre review and responsd the varying details in the Lehite
travel theories presented by Aston, Wellington and Potter, and
Brown.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
* Jeffrey R. Chadwick
"An Archaeologist's View"
Chadwick, a professional archaeologist, reviews and responds to
the Lehite travel theories presented by Aston, Wellington and
Potter, and Brown.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
* Daniel McKinlay
"The Brightening Light on the Journey of Lehi and Sariah"
McKinlay presents an overview and timeline of the theories and
discoveries that LDS scholars have developed regarding the Lehite
journey through Arabia.
Book of Mormon > Old World Context
http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai280.html
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FAIR WIKI
The FAIR Wiki project was started in 2006 to provide a more flexible
and searchable resource for Latter-day Saints and others to get
answers to Gospel questions. The Wiki is by design always a "work in
progress," with many editors at FAIR contributing to articles on a
daily basis. You can access the FAIR Wiki at:
http://en.fairmormon.org
This month the FAIR Journal focuses attention on the issues
surrounding the Kirtland Safety Society. FAIR has received several
questions about this event in Church history, and the FAIR wiki
article answers the questions raised.
The Kirtland Safety Society was financial institution or organization
created by Joseph Smith and other Church leaders to help the saints in
Kirtland. The KSS failed during the 1837 banking collapse in Ohio and
much of the rest of the country. Because of Joseph Smith's
involvement, critics had attempted to use this historical event as
evidence that Joseph Smith wasn't a prophet and that he attempted to
enrich himself illegally and at the expense of the members of the
Church.
The FAIR wiki article provides a basic understanding the early
19th-century, U.S. view of banks and financial institutions, and it
shows how the KSS was like many other institutions set up around the
country at the time to meet the need in the absence of a strong and
liquid banking system. It also shows that the KSS was not based on
any claims of prophetic guidance or divine command and that Joseph
Smith not only did not gain by this business attempt but that he
continued over the next fifteen years to honestly address and repay
the debt that he had incurred.
Read the article:
http://www.fairlds.org/cgi-bin/site.pl?s248
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FAIR LDS BOOKSTORE
Thank you all for supporting the FAIR LDS Bookstore. It is because of
your support that we are able to offer the lower prices that we do.
This month we have three specials.
--> By the Hand of Mormon: The American Scripture that Launched a New
World Religion
Dr. Terryl Givens, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, 6x9"
softbound, 336 pages.
This book received the highest rating (four stars) in the FARMS Review
which indicates it is: "Outstanding, a seminal work of the kind that
appears only rarely."
Terryl Givens offers a full-length treatment of the Book of Mormon,
illuminating many facets of this uniquely American scripture. He
examines its role as a divine testament of the Last Days and as a
sacred sign of Joseph Smith's status as a modern-day prophet. He
assesses its claim to be a history of the pre-Columbian peopling of
the Western Hemisphere. He explores how it has been defined as a
cultural product. He also investigates its status as a new American
Bible or Fifth Gospel. Givens also probes the book's shifting
relationship to Mormon doctrine and its changing reputation among
theologians and scholars. Finally, Givens highlights the book's role
as the engine behind what may become the next world religion.
You can purchase this book for $15.95, 20% off its retail price. (It
is regularly $19.95.)
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0195168887.html
--> Opening the Heavens: Accounts of Divine Manifestations 1820-1844
BYU Press, 2005, hardbound, 500 pages.
"Opening the Heavens" records hundreds of accounts of divine
manifestations relating to the Restoration--events that strengthen our
faith and expand our knowledge of Church History. This volume brings
together, for the first time, all of the known documents from Joseph
Smith's lifetime relating directly to key events of the Restoration
that were accompanied by divine manifestations. These first-hand
accounts uniquely convey the spirit of these important occasions and
provide precious details that help modern readers construct a vivid
image of what transpired.
You can purchase this book for $24.71, 25% off its retail price. (It
is regularly $32.95.)
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0842526072.html
--> Early Christians in Disarray: Contemporary LDS Perspectives on
the Christian Apostasy
Edited by Noel B. Reynolds, Provo, Utah: FARMS and BYU Press, 2005,
hardbound.
This book takes a fresh look at the apostasy of the early Christian
church. The strength of the book lies in its use of recent research on
manuscripts written during the first few centuries of Christianity.
According to Noel Reynolds, the editor, most LDS scholars and leaders
previously understood the Christian apostasy based on the findings of
Protestant scholars who provided a seemingly endless array of
evidences of apostasy in Christian history. The reliance on Protestant
writers produced a heavy emphasis in LDS accounts of the apostasy on
the late medieval corruption of the Catholic Church--describing it as
a time of severe spiritual darkness and intellectual backwardness.
You can purchase this book for $23.95, 20% off its retail price. (It
is regularly $29.95.)
http://store.fairlds.org/prod/p0934893020.html
We want to help you find what you need in the FAIR Bookstore!
--FAIR Bookstore Volunteers
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ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS
We welcome article submissions for the FAIR Journal and Web site. If
you would like to submit an article, please review the editing
guidelines at:
http://www.fairlds.org/EdStyle.pdf
Submit your article to the FAIR Journal Editor, Paul McNabb,
by going to
http://www.fairlds.org/contact.php
An appropriate article would be one that affirms the truthfulness of
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
While LDS apologetics involves refuting critics of the Church, its
doctrines, and its leaders, articles don't necessarily have to deal
with anti-Mormonism. FAIR will consider articles that deal with new
evidence of the Book of Mormon, scriptural passages that involve a
unique LDS interpretation, a viewpoint or quote from the early
Christian Fathers or other historical figures, an inspiring missionary
story, Church history, a view on a current event related to the
Church, or a piece from an historical journal.
We may also accept articles from people who are not members of The
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints that may not necessarily
meet the guidelines of supporting the church if it is a topic of
general interest to people involved in apologetics.
A submission may range in length from several pages to a single
paragraph.
------------------------------
PUBLISHING NOTES
FAIR is not owned, controlled by or affiliated with The Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. All research and opinions provided
in the FAIR Journal and on the FAIR Web site (http://www.fairlds.org)
are the sole responsibility of FAIR, and should not be interpreted as
official statements of LDS doctrine, belief or practice.
If someone has forwarded this e-journal to you and you would like to
join, you should go to www.fairlds.org and click on the "Join &
Support FAIR" link.
If you are interested in apologetics and would like to participate
actively in FAIR you should consider joining our apologetics e-mail
list. Visit www.fairlds.org and click on the "Join & Support FAIR"
link to join this list as well.
If you manage your own e-mail list, and wish to include some of these
thoughts or articles on your list, contact us by going to
http://www.fairlds.org/contact.php
We have a fairly liberal policy of using our material as long as you
contact us first to gain permission, clearly identify that your source
was FAIR, and add a link to the FAIR Web site (www.fairlds.org).
--------------------------------
FAIR JOURNAL ARCHIVES
For past issues of the FAIR Journal, go to
http://www.fairlds.org/pubs/journal
--------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2007 by The Foundation for Apologetic Information and
Research (FAIR). All rights reserved.
If you would like to sign up to receive the FAIR Journal automatically, click here. To return to the index of past FAIR Journal issues, click here.
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FAIR is not owned, controlled by or affiliated with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. All research and opinions provided on this site are the sole responsibility of FAIR, and should not be interpreted as official statements of LDS doctrine, belief or practice. If you like what FAIR does and you agree with our mission, we invite you to support FAIR in any way you are able. You can make a donation, or visit our Membership page for additional support ideas. FAIR only succeeds through the efforts of our gracious volunteers.
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